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History of Pet Fish
Fish were kept as pets already in ancient times. The ancient Egyptians kept fish both as a source of food and for entertainment. Their hieroglyphics depict Tilapia species and Mormyrids. The Chinese began to breed goldfish (from carp) in the 10th century. Goldfish were introduced to Europe at the end of the 18th century. In […]
Tail Vaccinations for Cats
The figures given for injection site sarcomas are 1 to 10 cats per every 10,000 vaccinations administered. The mortality rate from these sarcomas is high. Lipomas (non-cancerous lumps) can occur more frequently at vaccination sites. Surgical removal of the cancers is recommended. However it is difficult to operate or achieve wide enough margins in certain […]
Silent Language of Horses
Observation is the key to learning your horse’s silent language, better known as body language. A horse, unlike a dog who is a predator, is a prey animal. They live in herds where one horse is the leader and takes responsibility for the herd. The dominant horse will decide whether the herd is in danger […]




