Urinary incontinence is an involuntary leakage of urine occurring in spayed female dogs. It can occur months or years after the dog has been spayed. Most of the time the leakage occurs due to low hormone (estrogen) levels. While dogs can urinate normally, they cannot control leakage due to loss of estrogen and muscle tone. […]
Botulism is a bacterial toxin that can be fatal to horses. It is potent and can cause rapid illness and death if not diagnosed soon. While there are several types, Type B is the most common found in horses. It is caused by a bacteria that lives in soil, the Clostridium botulinum. Horses who ingest […]
Birds migrate in order to avoid the physiological stress of cold weather and to take advantage of distant food resources. Some species migrate a few kilometers while others will travel hundreds or thousands of kilometers. Bad weather systems, predators, and habitat destruction prevent as many as half of migrating birds surviving to their destination. The […]
